Applications Library
The following documents are demonstrations of real time applications using this product. You must register to download these.
-
PN003 ActiPix™ TDA200 HT Nano-Sizing System (pdf, 0.7MB)
The ActiPix™ TDA200 is a benchtop high throughput nano-sizing system which enables the rapid determination of size and purity for a range of molecules including proteins, antibodies, nanoparticles and quantum dots. It measures the hydrodynamic radius and diffusion coefficient for species in solution.
-
AN016: Separation, size and charge determination of small molecules using the ActiPix™ D100 de (pdf, 1.14MB)
This application note demonstrates integration of the Paraytec ActiPix™® D100 detector with an Agilent 7100 CE system to determine size, mobility and charge of components in a mixture of small molecules. The analytes lidocaine, phenylmethanol and benzoate are chosen as representative of small molecules of different charge type: cationic, neutral and anionic respectively in the background electrolyte used, phosphate buffer at pH 7.5. A capillary with three windows is used, with detection at the 1st window using the Agilent 7100 and at the 2nd and 3rd using the ActiPix™ D100. The separated species are characterised at the 1st window after short-end injection followed by pressure assisted capillary electrophoresis for 3.5 minutes. The hydrodynamic radii of the molecules are determined from the broadening of the bands between the 2nd and 3rd windows during a 15 minute stage of pressure driven flow. The method allows radii to be measured within a single run, with good repeatability (RSDs better than 2.5%, n=9). Charge follows by combining data on radius and mobility.
-
AN015: Precision and accuracy of protein sizing (pdf, 1.54MB)
This application note outlines results with a test protein, myoglobin, using a technique developed by Paraytec for determining the hydrodynamic radius of species in solution. Repeatability and intermediate precision are reported, and the key factor influencing the accuracy of the method is documented. The technique measures the extent of Taylor dispersion of a plug of sample moving through a buffer solution. The extent of dispersion correlates directly with the hydrodynamic radius of the species.
-
A novel approach to measurement of hydrodynamic radius for a standard protein using UV area imaging (pdf, 5.43MB)
An early article from the June 2008 edition of Chromatography Today discussing the principles behind Taylor dispersion analysis.
-
AN006: Rapid Sizing of Proteins and Antibodies (pdf, 1.37MB)
Paraytec have developed a new approach to determining the hydrodynamic radius of species in solution. This application note shows the applicability of the ActiPix™ TDA200 HT Nano-Sizing System for determination of hydrodynamic radii of protein and antibody samples.
-
AN005: Rapid sizing of quantum dots and nanoparticles (pdf, 1.44MB)
Paraytec have developed a new approach to determining the hydrodynamic radius of species in solution. This application note is a proof of principle study to demonstrate the use of the ActiPix™ HT Nano-Sizing System for determination of hydrodynamic radii of quantum dot and gold nanoparticle samples
-
AN004: lab-on-capillary systems (pdf, 0.87MB)
This application note describes how the ActiPix™ UV area detector can be used in a number of lab-on-capillary setups that combine various reaction, separation and detection steps. By assembling integrated systems from readily available components nanoscale reactions can be carried out that minimise the consumption of expensive materials.
-
AN003: Substrate specificity screening with UV area imaging detector (pdf, 0.86MB)
This application note describes how the ActiPix™ UV area imaging detector can be used to test penicillinase (β-lactamase) active towards a mixture of UV active substrates using an electrophoretically mediated microanalysis (EMMA) assay method.1 A variety of bacteria produce the β-lactamase enzymes which catalyse the ring-opening of β-lactam-based antibiotics. Identifying those compounds that are resistant to this process is important as it is responsible for bacterial resistance to penicillin and other β-lactam antibiotics.
-
AN002: Multi-compound electrophoretic assays for biocatalytic activity with the ActiPix™ D100 (pdf, 0.62MB)
This application note describes how the ActiPix™ UV area imaging detector can be used to test biocatalyst substrate specificity towards a mixture of UV active compounds using a continuous engagement electrophoretically mediated microanalysis (EMMA) assay method.
-
AN001: Concentration effects on measurements of hydrodynamic radius for standard proteins (pdf, 0.68MB)
This application note shows use of the ActiPix™ for determination of hydrodynamic radius of a protein. The method allows proteins to be used in their native form, without any labelling or denaturation. A plug of protein solution is injected into a fused silica capillary, driven through the capillary by application of pressure, and detected using UV area imaging as it passes windows at entrance to and exit from a loop in the capillary. The radius of the protein is determined by analysis of band broadening due to Taylor dispersion. The method is applicable over a wide concentration range and uses only nanolitres of sample.
-
TN001: Taylor Dispersion Formula (pdf, 1.07MB)
Understanding Taylor Dispersion Analysis
-
TN008: Sample velocity calculation (pdf, 306kb)
How the ActiPIx software calculates peak velocities for the purpose of data normalisation across an area
-
TN009: Nano-Sizing Concentration Range (pdf, 0.83MB)
The ActiPix™ TDA200 works with samples from 0.1 to >100 mg/mL